As Taiwan transitions into a super-aged society, the escalating risk of dementia has become a pressing national health concern. However, emerging medical insights suggest that age is not the only culprit. A growing body of research points to a pervasive, invisible threat deeply embedded in modern life: microplastics.
According to Dr. Chang Chia-ming (張家銘), chairman of the Taiwan Society of Precision Preventive Medicine and chief physician of genetic counseling at Taipei Veterans General Hospital, these microscopic fragments are inextricably linked to cognitive decline. Drawing on a landmark 2019 World Wildlife Fund study, Chang notes that the average person consumes approximately 5 grams of microplastics every week—the equivalent weight of a standard credit card.
Breaching the Brain's Defenses
Once ingested, microplastics disperse throughout the body, settling in organs such as the liver and kidneys.
Recent analysis has shown that the brains of deceased dementia patients contain five times the volume of microplastics compared to those without the condition. While global scientists continue to map the exact molecular pathways, clinical observations strongly support a direct connection between microplastic-induced neuroinflammation and the onset of neurodegenerative diseases.
The Hidden Hazards in Daily Convenience
Experts universally acknowledge a grim reality: completely avoiding microplastics is virtually impossible.The particles are ubiquitous in the food chain, the air, and everyday conveniences.
For instance, the morning routine of buying a hot coffee from a convenience store carries hidden risks. The inner lining of disposable paper cups contains polyethylene. When exposed to hot liquids, this plastic coating sheds countless microplastic particles directly into the beverage. Similarly, the friction created by twisting off the plastic caps of bottled water or canned tea releases microscopic fragments into the drink.
Paper lunch boxes pose an identical threat and should never be microwaved directly; food must always be transferred to a glass or ceramic container before heating. For daily hydration, medical professionals strongly recommend using stainless steel or glass vessels instead of plastic.
Building a Dietary Defense Line
While absolute avoidance is unachievable, Chang emphasizes that individuals can actively mitigate microplastic damage by adopting an anti-inflammatory diet. Foods rich in soluble dietary fiber—such as okra, garlic, onions, and various fruits—serve as a crucial frontline defense.
Cruciferous vegetables like cabbage, turmeric, and broccoli are particularly potent, though many consumers unknowingly discard their most valuable parts. Broccoli is celebrated for its high levels of sulforaphane, a powerful antioxidant and anti-inflammatory compound. However, the highest concentrations of sulforaphane are located in the stems, which are frequently thrown in the trash. Chang advises consumers to retain the stems and their small leaves, peeling only the toughest outer skin to preserve maximum nutritional value.
Furthermore, soluble dietary fibers—such as beta-glucans and polysaccharides—act as prebiotics, which are essential fuel for the body's beneficial gut bacteria. Certain probiotics possess the remarkable biological ability to encapsulate microplastics, effectively packaging the hazardous particles and preventing them from triggering systemic inflammatory responses. Because probiotics typically pass through the human intestinal tract within two weeks, a consistent daily intake of prebiotic fibers is necessary to sustain this internal defense mechanism. （Related： Opinion | China Imposes Export Controls on Japanese Businesses, Bilateral Tensions Rise ｜ Latest ）
